YOU CANNOT FORCE LIKE

YOU CANNOT FORCE LIKE I composed a blog entry as of late about how perusers can help creators on Amazon. You are perusing my blog, isn't that so? http://chopeclark.com/2012/09/when-you-go-to-amazon-dont-simply purchase a-book/ One of the recommendations included tapping the little orange and white approval hand so it turns dim, loving the book page, or the writer page. Its a basic signal to tell the creator youve been there and acknowledge what they are doing. Those kinds of preferences are simple and have become more decorum that basic in nature. A few preferences, in any case, arent so spotless and straightforward. For instance, individuals preferring your book, blog, articles, or even your Facebook notes. Somebody who might be listening will differ about whether your are skilled. While a large number of my perusers wanted to detest Alan, a character in Lowcountry Bribe, one painted him as too shallow and one-dimensional. So think about what I obsessed about for a day or two? At that point theres the opposite side of the coin, when you dont like others work. I have a place with two journalists gatherings. In the end, a part presents a piece I just can't associate with. Possibly its the class, the plot, even the discourse, however it doesn't click. Here and there the conflict is to such an extent that I truly dont need to study it, realizing Ill be disappointed walking through it and come out on the opposite end not having appreciated the outing. For example, somebody Facebook informed me a little while back, pleased about his book discharge. I saluted him. He at that point asked, Will you get it? I looked at the title, at that point the Amazon page. It was a how-to improve your life message. I answered that I was overwhelmed with books to peruse at present with 30 on my end table and who-knows-what number of on my Kindle. He answered, Will you read it in half a month? I at long last answered, Sorry. Im in a decent spot with my life, so I dont need self improvement material. It just wasnt something I needed to peruse. At that point theres the blockbuster list that everybody oohs and aahs over. I dont like huge numbers of them. As disrespectful as it might sound, I don't prefer to peruse Barbara Kingsolver. I don't think shell lose rest over that, either. My cash on the likelihood that she doesnt like my work either. Once in a while perusers will purchase a smash hit reasoning its appropriately screened and is a one-size-fits-all great read. Hits are the same than different books on the planet with regards to fans and non-fans. It's not possible for anyone to compose for all perusers. In all actuality, that VIP craze and solid informal drive can sell a great deal of books. Lastly, you don't need to like all the works of art. I love secrets. Poorly read Poe and Doyle. However, when I at last discover thetime to plunk down with a book, to taste tea and unwind toward the finish of my day, I need a story that diverts me. War and Peace aint going to do it for me. Try not to be reluctant to detest composing. Simultaneously, don't think about it literally when somebody detests yours. Maintain a strategic distance from callingthem names and wishing sick damage to their families. We cannot peruse or like all books. What an exhausting world that would be . . . without assorted variety . . . without the exertion of disclosure . . . without the free rein to look for and discover the creators that reallymake us glad to bounce into a story.

Political Humor free essay sample

This paper investigates political cleverness or parody from an American perspective. This paper investigates prominent sarcastic kid's shows or occasions through American legislative issues. It likewise looks at the effect that they may have had on political occasions. The idea of parody as an all inclusive political instrument is likewise managed. From the paper: Most students of history acknowledge that political parody propelled the American Revolution. One of the premier humorists was Dr. Jonathan Mayhew. As per the March 7, 1818 version of the Niles Weekly Register, Dr. Mayhew was notable in both Europe and America for his distribution of a seven messages during the rule of King George II (Butler, 2000). The most outstanding is a 1750 message regarding the matter of aloof submission and harmlessness. In it, both Saintship and Martyrdom of King Charles I are proposed.

January in Paris

January in Paris Bonjour de la France! Photo credit: Rebecca Grekin. I’ve spent the last two weeks in Paris with an MIT program called JSFâ€"January Scholars in France. The students of JSF 2018 and our chaperone, Prof. Perreau (on the right). Photo credit to Sophie de Loubens, one of our JSF guides. JSF is an IAP program sponsored by the French department for students who are committed to learning French at MIT. You spend two weeks in Paris exploring the history and culture of the city and speaking exclusively en français. (Forgive me, Professor Perreau, for writing this post in English!) JSF is a really unique program. Unlike IAP Madrid, which I did last year, it’s not a class (no homeworkâ€"yay!!!). Instead of going to class, we had a packed schedule of walking tours of different neighborhoods, musical and theatrical productions, and delicious meals. Literally, we spent two weeks doing nothing but soaking in the atmosphere of Paris. And the program is funded by MITâ€"airfare, lodging, metro transportation within Paris, and most meals. I’m really not exaggerating when I say that JSF was a once-in-a-lifetime experience. We were exposed to a side of Paris that tourists don’t usually see. Our tour guides were native Parisians who were very acquainted with the historical background and day-to-day workings of the city, so we got to learn about things like the design process behind the trash cans and the type of barricades built by revolting Parisians from the 17th straight through to the 20th century. We saw parts of the city, like the business sector and a neighborhood “populaire” housing many African immigrants, that are not frequented by tourists. We saw performances from some of the most celebrated troupes in Paris, or even the world, staged in the most avant-garde architecture in the city. And maybe most importantly, we got to interact with Parisians not as tourists, but as students who were genuinely interested in learning the culture and mastering the language. One of our guides, Vincent, talking about the mobilier urbain (urban furniture for lack of a better term)the streetposts, bus stops, benches, and other surroundings that govern your interaction with the city space. Photo credit: Bruno Perreau. The program was so great because there were so many knowledgeable people who gave their time to make it possible. Our guides Vincent, Emily, and Sophie showed us sides of the city, artistic, historical, and quotidian, that we would never have imagined just walking through the streets. And our chaperone, Professor Bruno Perreau (as well as the other faculty and staff of MIT’s French department) worked really hard to organize and plan the trip and make it an incredibly rich experience. To give you a sense of what it was like, Im going to share some standout moments from the trip! A private tour of the Paris Opera. The first day of JSF, we had on our schedule a tour of the Opéra Garnier. It’s safe to say that none of us really knew what we were in for. We were met at the entrance by Germain Louvet, a “star dancer” of the Opéra de Paris. “Star dancer”â€"danseur/danseuse étoile in Frenchâ€" is an official rank that designates the most accomplished and prominent performers in the Opéra. Only the most graceful and disciplined dancers are honored with the rank of a star, a role which means not only international recognition but also a guaranteed role with the Opéra until past the age of 40. We learned from Germain that he was elevated to the role of danseur étoile at the age of 23 as recognition for his standout performance as Prince Siegfried in Le lac des cygnes (Swan Lake). He has been training as a dancer since he was 4 years old. Germain Louvet, danseur  Ã©toile. We were lead through the breathtaking foyer of the Opéra Garnier, up a series of rosy marble staircases surrounded by gilded statues and rich paintings, into a collection of exquisite chambers. The public spaces in the Opéra were specifically designed to create a sensation of fantasy. The internal temperature is kept toasty to encourage visitors to shed their practical outer layers and indulge in admiration of the audience’s fashion. From the moment you enter the building, you are transported into the whimsical world of the opera, and separated from the drudgery and utility of the outside. The ceiling above the main staircase into the opera. Photo credit: Kaymie Shiozawa. Photo credit: Kaymie Shiozawa. We then entered the main chamber, where the performances take place. Photo credit: Kaymie Shiozawa. The ceiling dates to the 1960s. It was very controversial when it was installed. This phenomenon of seeing a very modern piece of artwork juxtaposed against the traditional scenery of Paris is fairly common. Germain took us onto the stage where the dancers perform! The stage is slanted to give the audience a better perspective, but this creates complications for the dancers, since their movements have to change depending on where they are facing. Photo credit: Bruno Perreau. Then, we got to go behind the scenes and see parts of the opera that are never open to visitors. A private practice room. Ringing the ceiling is a balcony where in centuries past, male patrons of the opera could stand and watch the female dancers practice, with a view that afforded an especially good perspective of their legs, with an eye for deciding which of the dancers they would like to sleep with later. There is a disturbing history of prostitution behind the opera. Photo credit: Bruno Perreau. In the basement there is a bomb shelter dating back to WWII. There is also an underground river flowing underneath, complete with blind albino fish! Photo credit: Rebecca Grekin. The practice room under the dome that caps the Opéra Garnier. Kind of reminds me of Barker library! Photo credit: Kaymie Shiozawa. Afterward, we went out for drinks with Germain. I can’t believe I got to chat casually with a Paris opera star. Im in the same picture as Germain!!! Photo credit: Bruno Perreau. The crowning of a new star I’ve oversimplified a little bit. There are actually two opera buildings in Paris: the Opéra Garnier, the ornate 19th century building we toured with Germain, and the Opéra Bastille. The Opéra Bastille, so named because it is located in the square where the Bastille prison used to stand, is an enormous building finished in 1989. Though it chooses to downplay the importance of scenery setting the mood for the opera, it at least provides an effective, well-oiled venue for staging and performing breathtaking operas. The outside of the Opéra Bastille. Photo credit: Kaymie Shiozawa. The inside of the main performance room of the opera. The vertiginous stacking of the seats in the Opera Bastille means that the stage can be flat while still providing a good view to the audience. Thus, for the dancers, the Bastille is an easier venue to perform in. The students of JSF went to go see Don Quichotte at the Opéra Bastille. Photo credit: Kaymie Shiozawa. At the end, while the performers were taking their bows and receiving their applause, an unexpected figure appeared on the stage. The Directrice de la Danse of the opera stepped out looking somewhat disheveled. After making a joke about her casual appearance, she announced that the performance of the lead danseuse, Valentine Colasante, in the role of Kitri had been so incredible that night that she was now being nominated as a danseuse étoile. The moment was magical. The audience erupted. The danceuse received a standing ovation for the next five minutes. She was almost crying. More than one JSF participant was tearing up. It was a moment of incredible joy to watch a beautiful performer be recognized for something she had been working for her entire life. Star dancers are nominated about once every two to three years, and we just happened to be there to see it. The opéra was really smiling on JSF that night. A hidden lair When I think of Paris, I think of boulevards lined with five-storey gray limestone houses with black wrought-iron balconies and hints of gold decoration. That’s because a surprising fraction of Paris is filled with gray limestone houses with wrought-iron decoration! But there’s another neighborhood of Paris with a very different feelâ€"the neighborhood of la Défense. La Grande Arche of la Défense, a modern mirror of the Arc de Triomphe. Photo credit: Kaymie Shiozawa. La Défense is the business area of Paris. Built specifically for that purpose in the second half of the 20th century, it is filled with quirky skyscrapers and imaginative displays of modern art and architecture. We were accompanied on our tour of La Défense by an architect who works in the area. With his supervision, we were allowed into part of the neighborhood that is usually hiddenâ€"the underground basement. There, we discovered Le Monstreâ€"the Monsterâ€"an enormous work by the artist Raymond Moretti. Photo credit: Rebecca Grekin. The roar of the underground metro lines that pass nearby give the monster his voice.  Photo credit: Rebecca Grekin. When his old studio was destroyed, the artist set up shop in the underground basement of la Défense. When he died, it was sealed up, leaving a hidden monster lurking under the bustling metropolitan square. Les blagues There were also some days that were less adventurous. One morning, we tried to get into the library of the Sorbonne, but were shut out because it was full of students studying for final exams. Instead, we headed over to a café and enjoyed lunch with some of our guides. With l’addition came some little candies. On the inside of the wrappers were written some jokes (blagues). Photo credit: Bruno Perreau. We quickly went to work deciphering the jokes. Anyone who has learned a foreign language knows that humor is one of the hardest things to understand, because it usually relies on subtle puns or cultural context. We learned a lot of new vocabulary that day! Here’s our favorite joke: Comment est-ce que un zéro se fait draguer par un huit? Il met une ceinture ! How does a zero get hit on by an eight? He puts on a belt! Sitting in the café, chatting with each other and our guides, practicing French, and laughing at les blagues is one of my fondest memories of Paris. If you want to see more pictures I might have lied a little when I said that there was no homework for JSF. In order to commemorate the trip, for the use of future participants and planners as well as for our own scrapbooks, we made our own JSF 2018 blog detailing our adventures. Check it out! There we have a day-by-day breakdown of all our activities. It’s in French, but there are a lot of pictures. :D Also, each of the participants is writing their own entry about a part of the city or the experience that they found interesting and wanted to dive deeper into. I wrote mine about the relationship between modern and traditional architecture in Paris. For the next two weeks, I’m taking advantage of being in Europe to do some traveling with my mom. Until next time, à bientôt! Photo credit: Rebecca Grekin. Photo credit: Rebecca Grekin. Photo credit: Sophie de Loubens. Post Tagged #photography

Childrens Behavior Essay - 1423 Words

Childrens Behavior What may affect childrens behaviour Separation from the childs main carer can affect the childs behaviour a lot if they find it hard to separate from them. If a child cries it is obvious they find it hard to cope with this, trying to distract the child may help the child to forget about the problem and start to enjoy themselves. The childrens developmental stage includes how they see themselves and how they are with other children. If the child finds it hard to share with another child as they may be an only child and never had to come across sharing before hand, it will be hard for them to understand this. Some of factors for development are: *Egocentricity: children†¦show more content†¦This is all due to a change of routine. Children especially with autism find it very hard to cope with a change, so it is important to let the child know with or with out a disability children still find it hard to cope with changes. It is also going to affect the childs self-esteem if they’re very upset and not wanting to communicate with anyone new, they will become very emotional through out the day. From this they become bored and this is when you mainly recognise a change to the childs behaviour, they might start to misbehave to get attention from staff, they may hurt children or may even harm themselves. And also if the child faces the loss and grief of a family member the childs behaviour may change again, as they may see it as their fault, or may wish they had done more when the person was alive. So it is a very hard time for children when they have to cope with a change. What is behaviour ================= The younger the child is, the less they understand about behaviour, so when they reach the age of about 4 it is important for their main role leader to start telling them about why we do the things we do. 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Model Appropriate Behavior: Show, demonstrate, model and supervise. Children are watching you therefore you need to be the best role model you can be. As a positive role model you need to make good choices and encourage children to do their best too. It has been proven that children with positive role models have higher self-esteem, do better in school and social settings, and are more likelyRead MorePhysical Development Affecting Childrens Behavior1540 Words   |  7 Pagesaffecting children’s behavior. (Ch. 2, 1 point) Children need to move around, practice with small muscle skills, need for food and rest in order for them to be attentive and ready to learn in every activities they have. Children need to move around for their physical development and as well as their intellectual development. If they have physical activity and physical play, it helps them to increase their ability to focus, interact with others and as well as to manage their own behavior andRead MoreEffects of Video Games on Childrens Behavior1744 Words   |  7 PagesAn analysis about the effects of video games on children behavior Effect of Video Games on Children’s Behavior Introduction Social scientists have been examining the effect that video games have on behavior. From the introduction of video games in the 1980s, there have been numerous research studies to this effect (Andersen Taylor, 2008). The issue has become even more significant in the modern context because these video games have become bloodier and more realistic than ever before. EvenRead More Is Violence in Films Responsible For Childrens Agressive Behavior?1021 Words   |  5 PagesResponsible For Childrens Agressive Behavior? Violence on screen is often offered to the young population, which responds to it in so different ways. 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The cartoons contain a wide variety of subject matters that can influence children in many different ways.Read More The Effect of Divorce on Childrens Learning and Behavior Essay1532 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effect of Divorce on Childrens Learning and Behavior The effect of divorce on children?s learning and behavior is a major problem in todays society. Everyday, children everywhere deal with this issue. Nowhere is this displayed more prevalently than in our schools. Divorce hurts children more than parents realize. By the time they turn 18, approximately fifty to sixty percent of all children in the United States have been affected by divorce (Miller, 1). Divorce-related problems (eRead MorePsychological Effects of Television on Children’s Behavior/Learning1519 Words   |  7 Pagesshown on television causes children and teenagers to develop behavioral problems and learning disabilities. Such behavioral and learning problems include; language development, school performance / learning, cognitive development and their general behavior to others (Kinnear 27). In a study on the correlation between violence and television done with 1,565 teenage boys over a six-year period in London, William Belson, a British psychologist, found that every time a child saw someone being shot or killedRead MoreThe Theory Of Reasoned Action As A Model Of Childrens Health Behavior1754 Words   |  8 Pages â€Æ' Exercise One a) One article is The Theory of Reasoned Action as a Model of Children s Health Behavior (Morrison et al., 2002) and a second is Modelling condom use: Does the theory of planned behaviour explain condom use in a low risk, community sample? (Thomas, Shiels, Gabbay, 2014) b) The Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) has long been used to model and explain many health behaviours (Morrison et al., 2002). 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Getting the Best Generic Scholarship Essay Samples

Getting the Best Generic Scholarship Essay Samples If You Read Nothing Else Today, Read This Report on Generic Scholarship Essay Samples Other than being mindful of what you wear and the way you project yourself, it would likewise be good if you're conscious of what you say. By conveying fantastic character, you will give them some assurance which you will reflect well on them later on. The 2nd most significant step in getting accepted by a college scholarship is the interview and the end result will be dependent on how much you're ready for it. The 30-Second Trick for Generic Scholarship Essay Samples Apply to as many as you are able to. A scholarship essayis part of ascholarship application. Say, you would like to be applicable to your parent's company scholarship. Finding the Best Generic Scholarship Essay Samples Have another individual preferably a person who knows the difference look over your essay after you've finished. 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Foreign Policy on Pakistan-India Relation Free Essays

An aggressive, liberal and a pro-active foreign policy makes way for improved ties with the nations of the world. Predictably, the regional scenario of South Asia, particularly of the region encompassing the countries of Pakistan, India, Afghanistan, China, Iran, Nepal, Bangladesh and the Central Asian States is likely to remain volatile in the near future. Pakistan is a stakeholder in the scenario and regional instability is inadvertently going to have a decelerating influence on the country road to peace and progress. We will write a custom essay sample on Foreign Policy on Pakistan-India Relation or any similar topic only for you Order Now With Pakistan and Indian’s relation being strengthened via the tools of negotiations ND diplomacy, it can be expected that inter-regional cooperation will be catcalled. Thus, better ties between the two most significant neighbors in the region, Pakistan and India, symbolize enhanced cooperation in the South Asian region on the whole. The document sets out a two-faceted goal, Short-Term and Long-Term and bridges the proposed solutions to the principal issues between Pakistan and India, through a road-map. Cotton is charged at RSI. 108/kilogram; Tariff on the Dairy Products is from 40-60%, Garments are charged at RSI. 85/piece, Agriculture Items at a Tariff of 35%. These rates are generally considered to be unfairly high. [It must be mentioned that Pakistanis high-quality products like Cotton/Lawn Fabric and Bed Linens are in popular demand in the Indian markets] (g) Pakistani exporters complain that India continues to exercise country-specific Imitation Import Barriers in Pakistanis case, (h) India argues that these NTIS (Non- Tariff Barriers) are the same for all of its trading partners, I) Pakistan itself does not have a standardized import regime. Indian exporters, therefore, have to deal with fewer restrictions of product quality and specifications, O) In August 2012, India lifted its ban on Pakistani businessperson to invest in India. Proposed Solution: Trade between Pakistan and India has the potential to reach US $ 10 Billionaire, thus: (a) Pakistan should upgrade its manufacturing industry and improve the value- addition processes of exportable items. Better-Quality products are more likely to have greater access to the Indian markets, (b) Pakistani manufacturers and businessperson are at a disadvantage because Indian exporters have fewer product restrictions in Pakistan while Pakistani exporters have to deal with strict product-quality specifications in India. Pakistan should regulate its import regime and maintain better standards for the quality of import items, (c) Pakistan should urge India to abide by the 3 landmark trade agreements (signed in February 2012) and simplify the following trade requirements: – ) Custom Documentation formalities, – ) Tariff Structure, – ) The whole procedure of obtaining and renewing the Bureau of India Standards (IBIS) License, (d) Pakistan should also urge India to ease the requirement of agricultural permits ND automobile licenses on imports coming from Pakistan, (e) State Bank of Pakistan and Reserve Bank of India should open cross-border branches on the basis of mutual benefits, (f) Both countries should work towards the opening of the Nabob-Cockroach Route (in Kinds, Pakistan) as a feasible trade route, (g) Pakistan and India should finalize liberationists in the Visa Regime, including Multiple-Entry and Greater-Duration Visas for businessperson. Indian Home Ministry has agreed t o relax its previous stance that it will not allow relaxations in the business and civilian visa regime, unless Pakistan takes action against the Iambi 6/11 terrorists], (h) Visa relaxations will help Pakistani rice exporters in learning technical expertise for rice cultivation. Pakistani automobile (specifically tractor industry) and cement industry can have strong potential in Indian markets if Pakistani manufacturers will themselves visit India frequently and explore the market of 1. 2 billion people, (I) The Economic Zone between Karts (Pakistan) and Amorists (India) should be established, O) Pakistan must go ahead with granting the MFC Status to India on 3 conditions: – ) That Pakistan will maintain a well-prepared ‘Sensitive List’ for items which can not be imported from India. This will ensure the safeguard of Pakistanis local industry, – ) That India will reciprocate by reducing its ‘Sensitive List’ on items which can not be imported from Pakistan, including tariff relaxations on Pakistanis Textile, – ) That India should lift its ban from Indian investors on investing in Pakistan. (II) SIR CREEK Out of all other bilateral disputes between Pakistan and India, the Sir Creek Dispute can be expected to have a relatively quick solution. The settlement of this dispute can be used as an important Confidence-Building Measure to build on to resolve other pending disputes. Sir Creek is a 96 km strip of water. It is made up of marshes which makes it water-logged for most of the year. It runs in the Ran of Ketch area. The Ran of Ketch area lies between the south of Kinds in Pakistan and the State of Gujarat in India. Historical evidence (specifically the 1908 Imperial Gazetteer of India) clearly indicates that during the British Rule in India, the Ran of Ketch was part of Kinds. Later, when India was partitioned in 1947, Kinds became a part of Pakistan (therefore Sir Creek also became a part of Pakistan). According to Paragraphs 9 and 10 of the ‘1914 Bombay Resolution’ (which was signed teen the Government of Bombay and the Ruler of Ketch), the ‘Green Line’ as indicated in the map clearly demarcated the boundaries of Sir Creek and included the whole of it in Kinds. India then argued that from the technical aspect, the ‘Green Line’ is not a boundary but Just an ‘indication of a boundary. India claimed that the boundary of Sir Creek lies manhandle into the water and that exactly half of Sir Creek is part of India. To validate this claim, India endorses the ‘Thales Principle’. In 1965, Indian forces unfairly attempted to seize Sir Creek because India wanted to establish its naval base n the Gulf of Ketch. As a result, India gained control off part of Sir Creek. When the prospect of important mineral resources (oil/gas) was discovered in the subsurface of Sir Creek, Pakistan and India became more serious about their respective claims. Both countries now realize that if they loose one kilometer of Sir Creek on ground, it would subsequently mean a loss of hundreds of square nautical miles of the resourceful economic zone under-water. Indian’s current stance is that boundaries should first be marked under-water and according to the under-water boundaries, the land boundaries shall be demarcated. Pakistanis current stance is to first demarcate on the ground and then under-water. Pakistan wants the adoption of the 1914 Bombay Resolution. Pakistan was willing to invite international arbitration because it believes it has a strong case. But India always wanted to keep this issue bilateral. Proposed Solution-1914 Bombay Resolution: (a) Indian’s endorsement of ‘Thales Principle’ is not applicable in the case of Sir Creek because Sir Creek is Water-logged and not navigable’ for most part of the year. The Thales Principle holds applicable only for navigable areas. (b) The demarcation of land boundaries shall be done first. The demarcation of the under-water maritime boundaries will then follow. (c) Indian’s unreasonable argument that demarcation shall first be done under-water will have to be countered. Hydrosphere from both Pakistan and India have declared that environmental changes have occurred over the years and it is not possible anymore to distinguish between territorial waters without demarcating the land area first. D) During the process of demarcation, the ‘1991 Pakistan-India Agreement on Advance Notice on Military Exercises, Maneuvers and Troop Movement’ will be strictly followed by both sides to ensure peace along the coastline of Sir Creek. E) After demarcating Sir Creek, both countries will submit their respective boundary limits to the ‘Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLC). The CLC will consider and evaluate the data submitted by each country. (f) Here, Pakistan will automatically have a stronger case because according to the rules of CLC, India can not mention Sir Creek as a part of its continental shelf in the documents which it will submit to CLC. (g) 3 factors will further strengthen Pakistanis case. First, Sir Creek was a major water distributors of River Indus and Pakistan has an undisputed right over River Indus. Second, the ‘Green Line’ shown in the maps of 1914 Bombay Resolution clearly brings Sir Creek in Pakistanis territorial domain. Third, the tail of Sir Creek terminates in Baden which is a district in Pakistan. (h) Pakistanis claims are very strong and it is very likely that the CLC will eventually favor Pakistan. According to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLES), both countries are time-bound to resolve this dispute because unless this dispute is resolved, neither side will be eligible to exploit their respective Exclusive Economic Zones in the sea. (Ill) PRISONERS The settlement of Sir Creek Dispute can be followed with another important Confidence-Building Measure. The area of Sir Creek is concentrated with fishermen. Since territorial borders in water (and on land) are not properly marked, fishermen from both sides end up mistakenly trespassing into each other’s territorial waters. They are then arrested. The laws which are used by Pakistan and India to govern their seas and arrest these fishermen have not been conformed by UNCLES. Pakistani fishermen are arrested by India under the ‘Maritime Zones of India Acts, 1976 and 1981’. India is a signatory of he UNCLES but its maritime zone acts do not conform to the United Nations Convention on Law of the Seas (UNCLES). The Pakistan Maritime Security Agency (AMPS) and the Indian Coast Guard (ICC) shall resume the negotiations which were called off after the Iambi attacks. These negotiations will ensure: a. That whenever Pakistani fishermen are detained in India, the Indian maritime agencies will immediately inform the Pakistani maritime agencies and vice versa. B. That the ships and boats of the detained Pakistani fishermen will be handed over to the Pakistani maritime agency by the Indian maritime agencies and vice versa. Two concrete steps can be taken: a. Joint Judicial Commission on Prisoners, 2007: Recommendations of this Commission (which was constituted by both governments and comprises of 4 superior retired Judges from each side) must be given immediate consideration and implemented. This Joint commission (if adequately empowered) can almost resolve the issue of prisoners. B. Agreement of Counselor Access, 2008: Under this Agreement, prisoners (in both, Pakistan and India) must be provided access to a Counselor immediately after being arrested. The major role of the counselor is to verify the nationality of the prisoner. This process, however, often gets delayed unnecessarily. Often, this delay is from the country to which the prisoner belongs. Interior/Home Ministries, Foreign/External Ministries and the High Commissions of Pakistan and India must therefore promptly strive to avoid any delays in the verification of the nationality of their respective citizens present in each other’s Jails. In June 2012, Pakistan released 311 Indian fishermen. There are 21 deaf, mute and mentally unstable Pakistani prisoners in Indian Jails. These prisoners have also completed their sentences. The Indian Supreme Court is coking into the matter of their release but it is encountering a lot of technical hurdles. Likewise, there are 18 Pakistani Prisoners of War (of 1965 and 1971) still in Indian jails. The next round of talks between the Foreign Ministers of the two countries is expected from September 7 to 9 (2012). There, the return of these 39 prisoners should be a top priority on Pakistanis agenda. If the Sir Creek issue is resolved, it becomes a moral binding on both parties to simultaneously release ALL those prisoners, who were arrested on the charges of ‘Mistaken Trespassing’. THE WATER ISSUE Between the two countries, it is India which is the upper-riparian state. And therefore, in this case it is India which is required to take sensible decisions to protect our peace negotiations from untimely termination. [The Water ‘Issue’ must not be treated as a ‘Dispute’ because calling it a dispute will have its own repercussions. The solution is already in place in the form of ‘Indus Water Treaty, 1960’ and only a re-interpretation of the treaty is required] The ISSUE: (a) sass’s Indus Water Treaty gave 3 western rivers to Pakistan. India was allowed to use some water from these 3 rivers before they enter into Pakistan. B) India was permitted to use the water for hydrophone generation. The condition was that Indian usage must not alter the natural timing of flow and the quantity of these waters as they enter Pakistan. C) With Indian hydrophone projects, the only concern for Pakistan is the timing of flow because hydrophone does not ‘consume’ water so the quantity remains unaltered. The timing o f the flow is critically important for agriculture in Pakistan. (d) In the 1960 Treaty, India was only allowed limited water storage. This was applied to all the dams which India will build on Jelled and Chance. E) The problem began with the installation of ‘physical gates’. India was allowed to install these gates to flush out the silt/waste (coming from glaciers), but India began using it to unfairly ‘stop’ and unfairly ‘release’ water into Pakistan. (f) The problem will get more severe when India will complete the construction of Bursar Dam, Shanghaiing Dam, Peaceful Dam, Kowalski Dam, Deal Hustle Dam. In case India decides to go for ‘Cumulative Storage’ or ‘Cumulative Release’ of water from these dams, Pakistan will be completely vulnerable to mass destruction (which was allegedly the case with the 2010 floods). Words of John Brioche (World Banks Senior Water Advisor and Neutral Expert on Baggier Dam case) must be cited for reference : He says, â€Å"A Journalist colleague in Delhi told me that the Indus Treaty is considered an integral part of Kashmir and when it comes to Kashmir, the Indian Ministry of External Affairs instructs newspapers on what they can and cannot say, and often tells them explicitly what it is they are to say†. Proposed Solution-Negotiations and Negotiations: Pakistan will have to diplomatically assert the right amount of pressure on India for the re-interpretation of the 1960 Indus Water Treaty. Right amount of pressure’ on India can be exerted by Pakistan in the form of legal hurdles and calls for international arbitration for Indian power projects being built on rivers Jelled and Chance. If the two countries can keep ego aside, there can be numerous ways in which the 1960 Treaty can be implemented to benefit both sides. A Joint monitoring system can also be formulated to ensure timely discharge of water from India to Pakistan. But this is only possible when relations are more cordial and more trust has been developed on both sides. In fact, India has the potential to ‘increase’ this flow during difficult planting seasons n Pakistan. This is not an unrealistic suggestion. India does have this potential and can do it without effecting its own power generation. But focuses, this can only be made possible when relations between both countries are friendlier. Joint Power Projects (a) Indian’s power outage of 31st July 2012 affected 670 Million Indian citizens, and has considerably reduced the Foreign Direct Investment coming to India. (b) This scenario can trigger further collaborations and can get India on board for the Iran-Pakistan Gas Pipeline Project. (c) USA is particularly interested to normalize relations between Pakistan and India so hat Pakistan can retreat its forces from its Eastern border and redeploy them on the Western borders along Afghanistan. D) On the other hand, why India is reluctant to rejoin the Iran-Pakistan Gas Pipeline Project (which was called Iran-Pakistan-India Gas Pipeline Project until India backed of is because India is a close ally of the USA and the USA did not want India to be a part of this project because of its own concerns with Iran’s nuclear program. (e) But now, Pakistan can seek an advantage from USA. (f) Pakistan shall diplomatically convey this to America that the Iran-Pakistan Gas Pipeline Project is very essential, not only to address the acute power shortage in both Pakistan and India but also very specifically to enhance developmentalcollaboration between the two countries. (g) After this, it will be America’s call to realize that it must not continue to become an unfair player between Pakistan and India. Assuming that USA decides to stop exerting pressure on India, it will then entirely be Indian’s decision whether or not to pursue the Iran-Pakistan Gas Pipeline Project. H) After the episode of Indian’s biggest power failure (dated July 31 , 2012), chances are hat India will now be willing to resume talks on the IP Gas Pipeline Project. (I) Also, India aspires to become the regional power-house of South Asia and in the long term, it aspires to out-do China in this quest. If India actually aspires to become the regional power, it should start acting like one and must play its part in enhancing regional collaborations. This, is another reason why India should be more willing to pursue the IP Gas Pipeline Project. KASHMIR Kashmir Stance: In the words of Mir WAIS Muar Faro (Chairman All Parties Hurray Conference), â€Å"Kashmir is not a bilateral issue between Pakistan and India, but a trilateral one which also involves the people of Kashmir†. SELF Momma Kashmir Liberation Front) Chairman Yak’s Mali believes that the option of a deep freeze (that is, to freeze the matter in its current position for a few years before relations become stronger between Pakistan and India) is not feasible, without stopping the Indian operation in the Indian-occupied Kashmir. India can not afford to ‘deep-freeze’ the matter because of the suspicion that the freedom movement will take over as soon as the Indian operation is stopped. Three-e-Hurray Chairman Seed All Shah Gelling strongly advocates Kashmir ‘Right of Self-Determination’ and purports Kashmir alliance with Pakistan. However, he once said: â€Å"Pakistan has morally, diplomatically and politically supported the struggle of the people of Jam Kashmir, but this does not mean Pakistan can take a decision on our behalf†. APPC (All Parties Hurray Conference) Chairman Miramar Muar Faro demands: a) ‘Armed Forces Special Powers Act (PAPPAS, 1990)’ shall be repealed (UN has called it ‘A Violation of International Law and has asked India to revoke it), b) Indian troops shall be withdrawn from populated areas of the Valley, c) Political Detainees shall be leased, if India wants a peaceful resolution of the dispute. International Community Stance: The International Community wants to resolve the dispute of Kashmir because it sees it as a threat to regional stability in South Asia if two nuclear states, Pakistan and India, are involved in such a tense dispute and are not engaging in economic collaborations with each other. Indian’s Stance: India has a two-fold agenda on Kashmir: a) Propagate that unrest in Kashmir is basically ‘Pakistanis Proxy War’ and Pakistan is logistically supporting the Kashmir Freedom Fighters, ) Make the Line of Control (LoC) the international border between Pakistan and India. India is intelligently floating the LoC-Solution in the international community; U. S and U. K are also supporting Indian’s stance as the ultimate solution for Kashmir. By proposing the LoC-Solution, India is suggesting that both Pakistan and India should enjoy sovereignty over their respective part of Kashmir and that the Kashmir people can be allowed to travel between both parts more freely. Proposed Solution-plebiscite: (l) If Pakistan wishes to avoid the situation in which the International Community egging exercising diplomatic pressure on Pakistan to accept the Indian formula to settle the Kashmir Dispute, it must come up with more realistic alternatives that take into consideration the popular demands of the people of Kashmir. (II) Pakistan believes that the main issue is not the territorial control’ of the land of Kashmir but the ‘right of self-determination’ of the Kashmir people. Pakistan should continue to advocate this stance. (Ill) Pakistan should use the global forums to remind its international partners that Indian forces deployed in Kashmir, are violating the very basic human rights by imaging in acts of rape and child molestation. ‘V) Pakistan should also use the global forums to remind its international partners that so far, the Indian Government has been unable to get any political set-up accepted by the Kashmir people. (V) Paki stan should reiterate its support for the All Parties Hurray Conference (APPC) as the most prominent representation of the Kashmir people. Pakistan should also remind the international community that the APPC comprises not only of Islamic fundamentalists but also of liberal and progressive factions like Jam Kashmir Liberation Front GOLF) and the Miami Action Committee. VI) Pakistan strongly condemns Indian’s accusations that the Kashmir freedom struggle is sponsored by Pakistan. In order to counter these allegations, we invite Indian’s consent on requesting the United Nations to deploy more international observers along the Line of Control. (VI’) Pakistan should counter Indian’s LoC-Solution by terming it a ‘military solution which does not serve the purpose of the freedom movement. Pakistan believes that even after LoC is made the international border between Pakistan and India, the Kashmir people will not stop their freedom struggle. (VI†) Series of Bilateral Trilateral Talks: Pakistan should be proactive in the current on-going negotiations between Islamabad and Delhi and should diplomatically ensure that these talks do not come to any momentary halts. Pakistan believes that time is of essence and the bilateral dialogue with India should not be allowed to be influenced and stopped by other factors that govern the relation between the two countries. (a) Pakistan would like to begin the Series with Secretary-Level Talks between the Foreign Secretaries, and then, the Defense Secretaries of the two countries. (b) The Indian Government shall commit to freeze the military operation in the Unanticipated Kashmir for the duration of this Series. (c) The next level of talks will include the Political Leadership (Government + Opposition) of Pakistan, of India and of Kashmir. (d) To ensure the true representation of the people of Kashmir, an election shall be conducted under international monitoring, to choose the political leadership from all states of Jam Kashmir. This political leadership will then represent the territory at the negotiation table. (e) Pakistan strictly reaffirms that it will simply not entertain any third-party other than the United Nations, for the role of a mediator between Pakistan and India. In the unlikely scenario that India proposes to invite the U. S on board as the thirdly, Pakistan will rule it out by proposing the name of China. Pakistanis argument is that the U. S is not a neutral choice because it already favors Indian’s LoC-Solution on the matter and has greater strategic interests with India. China, on the other hand, is the regional power-house and is a greater share-holder in South Asia. Chances are, that India will not agree to the name of China. Eventually, in case of a deadlock, both parties will retreat to the name of United Nations] (XX) Pakistanis principal stance is to vive the Right of Self Determination to Kashmir people via a Plebiscite. This stance will be achieved by implementing UN Resolution 47, according to which: (a) Pakistan will withdraw its nationals (if any) from Kashmir, (b) India will withdraw the excessive military personals from Kashmir, (c) UN observers will be deployed to ensure that withdrawal from both sides, is of a reasonable proportion, (d) Once the withdrawal process is completed, the ‘Owen Dixon Model’ will be adopted. This model divides Kashmir into 2 zones: – ) Kashmir Valley + Muslim Areas of Jam + Muslim Areas of Ladder + Muslim Areas of Cargill, – ) Remaining Districts of Jam, Ladder and Lee. (e) Once the Owen Dixon Model is adopted, Plebiscite can be conducted under United Nation’s trusted supervision. The people will vote either in favor of Pakistan or India, (f) A 3rd option of ‘Complete Independence’ can be included in the Plebiscite. [This option is favored by some Kashmir freedom parties, like Manually Khan’s SELF. However, both Pakistan and India are reluctant about the inclusion of this option because that will ignite demands of independence from various areas within India How to cite Foreign Policy on Pakistan-India Relation, Papers

The Presidency Of FDR Essays - Freemen Of The City Of London

The Presidency of FDR In 1932, Americans realized that they had an increasingly great financial problem on their hands, and tried to correct it by centralizing power. The President acquired so much power that the nation almost became a communism, especially with Roosevelt's introduction of the New Deal. When Franklin Roosevelt became President of the United States in 1933, the nation was in the depths of the worst depression it had ever experienced. President Roosevelt, a very energetic and enthusiastic person, inspired the people with his own confidence and faith in the future. He gathered a group of people sharing his views to help him, and provided food, clothing, and shelter for millions of unemployed and poverty-stricken Americans. This was part of what he called the New Deal, of which his three objectives were relief, recovery, and reform for American citizens. In another attempt at recovery, Congress attempted to revive the nation's agriculture and industry and place the economy on a solid foundation. They printed extra money to loan to industries that quickly paid it back. By 1933 nearly 14 million Americans were jobless. In response, the Roosevelt administration immediately launched what seemed at the time to be a wonderful program of direct relief. In 2 years, federal agencies distributed 3 billion dollars to the states. However, the people unemployed wanted jobs, not welfare, thus the Works Progress Administration (WPA) came into existence. This helped restore some of the lost jobs. By 1936, the New Deal program faced a large and growing body of opposition, some from within the Democratic Party itself. Many critics felt that the government was interfering too much with the free enterprise system, and in doing so, was threatening individualism and democracy. This absorption of power by the president is what is known as the Imperial Presidency. By the end of 1938, the opposition had become so strong that President Roosevelt decided to postpone other large reforms he had been considering. Innumerable committees were created to deal with the problems of the time, and the President was in control of all of them. All this power that the President acquired caused the executive branch to become bloated. World War II also prompted the government to recruit many, many Americans into the army. Since the President has complete control over the army, a greater army gave him more power. The president also had control over the federal police. However, with all the manufacturing that had to take place to accommodate for all the necessities of war, many new ideas came into action. In order to boost the economy, power was readily and radically centralized, and the government introduced the policies of cost plus, resource allocation, wage & price controls, and prohibition of strikes. Cost plus and resource allocation gave the government much power to control industries. The government would withhold certain raw materials from companies unless they were using them to make war utilities. However, if they did choose to agree with the government, they could set the prices for their products and make extra money. Wage and price controls were another method of the government to boost industry. The government would increase the price for which a manufacturer must sell his goods and the minimum wages allowable for different types of workers. This made everyone happy because the only person suffering this way was the consumer - or in this case, the government. After the Second World War, a cold war with the Soviet Union began. President Roosevelt anticipated that this cold war would bankrupt the Soviet union in their trying to outdo America's weapon production. Thus the United States had to allocate much of its production into yet more weapon manufacturing and research. With the government controlling all of America's output, economy, and industry, the nation had moved from a capitalistic economy to nearly a communism Americans' social rights had also been tampered with in the pandemonium caused by the Great Depression, World War II, and the Cold War with Russia. The social revolution in the 1960s made many people happy, but also gave unnecessary power to the government, especially the president. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 revoked the right of states to choose who gets to vote, and